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外研版高中英语必修第一册知识点汇总(词汇+短语+句型+语法).doc
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高中英语 外研版 必修第一册 目录 Unit 1 A new start Unit 2 Exploring English Unit 3 Family matters Unit 4 Friends forever Unit 5 Into the wild Unit 6 At one with nature
知识点(词汇+短语+句型+语法)Unit 1 A new start重点词汇curious, impression, breathe, challenge, calm, confident, argue, various,apply,schedule,award,opportunity,view,graduate, frightened,sight,figure,specific,refer,struggle,improve,rate,performance,exchange重点短语one by one依次地,一个接着一个butterflies in one’s stomach紧张情绪,心里发慌in panic惊慌地put... under pressure使处于压力下depend on依靠,依赖make the most of充分利用graduate from毕业be about to do sth.即将做某事as if好像, 似乎, 仿佛start high school开始上高中keep an open mind不抱成见、虚心;愿听取[接受, 考虑]别人的意见[想法]deal with处理,对付at the sight of当看到……时;一见……就go all out全力以赴,竭尽全力hold one’s head up 振作起来,抬起头来in particular 尤其,特别give...a hand给予…帮助,帮某人一个忙look forward to(兴奋地)期待,盼望重点句型结构1.It’s your turn. 句型:It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。2.I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself! 句型:too...to...结构3.He found the English class difficult and was not sure what to do.句型:疑问词+不定式4.These activities not only help them gain more skills,but also teach them to care about others.


adj. behavior
n. confusing
adj. reflect
v. creative
adj. contact
v. likely
adj.organization
n. remind
v. comment
n.
句型结构:not only...but(also)...表示“不但……而且……”,通常可以连接两个并列的谓语、宾语、表语、状语等,还可以连接两个并列的句子。5.I feel as if high school was only yesterday!as if/though “好像;仿佛”,引导方式状语从句。as if (though) 还可引导表语从句。引导表语从句时,可用于下面结构中:look/smell/taste/sound+as if ...看起来/闻起来/尝起来/听起来好像(似)6.It’s a fantastic opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other students.It ‘s +adj./n. (for sb./of sb.) to do sth.这个结构中it作形式主语,不定式是句子的真正主语。7.If so, how did you deal with them? if so 为状语从句的省略句式,意为“如果是这样的话”, if 用作连词, so 用来代替上文内容,以避免重复。语法知识英语中有七种最基本的句型(1) 主语+谓语。例如:I replied.(2) 主语+系动词+表语。例如:l was embarrassed。(3) 主语+谓语+宾语。例如:I saw a white-haired man.(4) 主语十谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。例如: He gave me a smile.(5) 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。例如:His words made me a lot more relaxed.(6) 主语十谓语+状语。例如:I breathed deeply.( 7)主语+谓语+宾语+状语。例如: I looked at them in panic. 口诀记忆:主谓宾一条线,状语定语在两边Unit 2 Exploring English重点词汇unique


adv. actually
adv. intend
v. recognize
v. base
v. aware
adj.重点短语have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难get sb.doing 使某人正在做某事in one’s free time在某人的空闲时间speaking of提到,谈到wonder at 对……感到惊讶burn up烧毁,烧尽burn down 烧毁fill in/ out a form填写一份表格human race人类wind up给(机械)上发条;使(活动、会议等)结束come across 偶然遇见play safe谨慎行事,避免冒险 have a frog in one’s throat (尤指咽喉痛)说话困难spend time doing花费时间(钱)做某事look forward to doing期盼做某事,期望做某事重点句型结构1.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.句型:neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”。其含义是否定的,可连接任意两个并列的成份。注意:1)当neither…nor…连接两个主语时,也应遵循'Neither nor就近原则2)连接并列的句子时,(因neither/nor都是否定意义的词)前后两句都用倒装语序。2. That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible.句型:why引导表语从句3.English is very difficult to learn.句型:“主语+be+adj.+不定式”结构。4.Some American spellings were created by Noah Webster, who made one of America’s first dictionaries.
rather


制性定语从句,先Noah Webster,在句子中充当主行词语。5.I spent days preparing and writing my first English paper.spend time (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事6. To my astonishment,…句型:“to + one’s +情感
名词”。表示“令…的是”某人……的是”“使某人感到…。7. It turned out that....句型:It turned out that....表示“结果
证明语法知识是”——构词法一、
派生法派生
法——就是在词根前加前缀或在其后加后缀构成新词。加前缀,一般不改变词
性,而只是引起意义上的变化。加后缀一般意义变化不大,只改变了词性。常见的前
缀消失im-有in-,un-等:disappearance,,impolite不礼貌的,mi误guides
导,misunderstand误解公平fa,ri的runfai→不公平的常见的后
缀,-ful,-ly,-ment有-ness等:reporter 记
者外国,foeignerr人,actor演员发,inventor 明家,trainee 新兵
雇员employee ,,actress 女演员女hostess, 主人,Chinese 中国人,Canadian 加拿大
人,move→movement运phappy→ha动,piness幸福,careful细
心的,angry生气的a→ngrily生气地二
、合成法 合
成法是构词法的一种,是把两个或两个以上的单词连在一起合成一个新词,有
些带连字符,有些不带。合成词的词义通常可以由组成它的几个单词的意思推测出
。1.合
成名书签bo词:kmarko;guidebook指南手册观光sightseeing;;air-conditioning空
调饮drinking-w;tera用水2.合
成形容词:snowwhite雪白自信self-confide的;nt的;English-speaking讲
英语的;good-looking好看的三
、转化法
句型:who引导非限


些名词可作动词,有些形容词还可作动词、名词或副词。这种保持词形不
变,但改变词性的用法就叫作转化法。名
词与动词间的兴 相互转化interest:趣-n.)(使......感兴趣时v.) time(间(n.)-给......测量
时间(v.)形容词
与动词间的凉 :相互转化cool 的(adj.)-使.)(v凉爽 empty空的(adj.)-倒空(v.)形容词
与名词间的 相互转化:present在场现adj.的()-在(n.) waste无用的,
废弃浪的(ad.)-j费(n.)除了合
法、成派生,法转化有法,还缩写和简写。英文
缩1) UN 联合国写2) P.R.C. 中
华人3共和国民) UK 英
国的英文缩S4)U.S.A.或U.写.美国5)UNESCO联合国教育
、科学、文S组织6)化OS 求救信号简
写news broadcast→newscast新
闻i播televis广on broadcast→telecast电视播送smoke and fog→smog烟雾helicopter airport→heliport直
升飞机rUnit 3 Family matte场s重点词汇character n.人
物,角色;性pa格;proach v.走
近,靠近;focus v.(
把……)集sa中(于)sume v.假
定,认sre为;pect v.尊敬
,尊noig重;re v.忽视
,不理;professional adj.职
业的,专业的;talent n.天赋
,天才irespons;ble adj.负
有责任的,应承担责rmemo任的ize v.记
住,熟记;nation n.国家
;aim v.力
求达到;瞄准sob;erve v.庆祝
,过(节日、生日lapo等);ogise v. 道歉

英语中,有


;admire v.钦佩
,赞美,羡慕j ;udge v.认
为,判断ttlse;e v.和解
,结束(争论);contain v.包
含,包括fpower;ul adj.强
有力的,强有影响(感染viob)力的;ously adv.明显
地,显而易pdes见地;ite adv.尽
管,虽renti然;e adj.全
部的,整qdis个的;ualify v.取
消……的资hosome格w adv. 用某种方法,不知
怎.r重点短语1的elate...to...把
……和……联n2.tur系起来 to...for...向
某人求us3.foc助 on/upon...把
……集e4.rais中于…… one’s voice提高某人的
声音5.you can’t be serious你
别当真!你开玩笑呢吧.ca6。lm down(使)
平静下来; (使)镇定下来; (使)平定7.be proud of对.....感到
自豪8.take one’s advice接受某人
建wi9.jump in 议th both feet踊跃参加
,全心全意n the10.play music演奏音乐11.i投入 lead领先12.finish line(
赛跑的)终w a13.no点线nd then 时而,不时某事,使某人
落留 14.lea后;... behind忘带/ve下/丢弃把某人丢重点句型结构1.在后面Playing in a band is not a job.Playing in a band是动
名’2.Why don词短语作主语。t you also take my advice and think carefully before jumping in with both feet?why don’t/won’t you do...?=why not do...?表示
建议,意为“为什么不做……呢?做……如何?S3.”trangely, his beard is still red even though his hair is turning grey!even if/though即使,尽
管,引导让步状语从句,在从句中常用一般现在时代替一
般将来时。
strength n.强烈程度


制性5.With just 700 metres to定语从句。 go, Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger brother,Jonny, was in the lead.With + 宾语+宾语补足语6.The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons since they were children.have been doing是
现在完成进 语法知识Grammar行时。Review: tenses我们学过
的时(包括态1) 一
般现e时。例如:Here com在s my boy.(2) 一
般过去例。时如:I told you to calm down.(3) 一
般:来时。例如将You will have two options for your future.(4) 现
在完如时。例成;I’ve decided not to go to university.(5) 现
在进:时。例如行The music industry is developing fast now.(6)过去进
行时。例如:We were discussing this then.Unit 4 Friends forever重点词汇familiar adj. 熟悉
的prefer v.更喜欢deliver v.传达
,递送advance n.进步
,ntamai进展in v.保持
,bena维持le v.使可
能,使发生tend v.趋向
,易于,racqui朝向e v. 获得
,取得prove v.证明
,iinspir证实ng adj.鼓舞
人心的,启发灵rcomfo感的t adj. 安慰
,慰藉quality n.质量
,usanxio品质
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