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仁爱版英语七年级上册语法总结.doc
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仁爱版英语七年级上册语法总结1、目前所学的动词的形式有4 种:①动词原形;如:do;have;like②动词的单三式(常在动词原形后加s);如:get-gets③动词不定式(to+动词原形);如:meet-to meet④动词ing式(动词原形后加ing)如:look-looking2、表示征求意见或建议邀请的礼貌用语Would you like +to+动词原形? (你想要……吗?)How about+动词ing ?(……怎么样?……好不好?)What about +动词ing? (……怎么样?……好不好?)Why not +动词原形? (为什么不……呢?)Why don’t you +动词原形 ?(你为什么不……呢?)Let’s +动词原形.(让我们……吧。) 表示同意、答应:①Yes,I’d like to./Oh,I’d love to. ②All right/OK.③Great!④Sure.⑤Good idea!⑥Thanks.I’ll be glad to ⑦Thanks.Thatwould be very nice.⑧I’d like that.表示不同意、拒绝:①No,thanks.②Sorry,I can’t.③I’d like to.But I’m afraid I can’t/I have no time.3、目前学过的情态动词有can, may,could,would和will等五个。学好情态动词必须把握三个用法:①后必须跟动词原形 ;②没有三单式(其后不能加s);③可以把情态动词提到句首构成疑问句;可以在情态动词后面加上not构成否定句。4、目前学过的后跟动词不定式(to+动词原形)的有:①would like to+动词原形(想要做某事); want to+动词原形(想要做某事);②forget to+动词原形(忘记要做某事); ③like to +动词原形(喜欢做某事); love to +动词原形(喜欢做某事)④ask sb. to +动词原形.(请/叫某人做某事)tell sb. to +动词原形.(告诉/叫某人做某事)would like sb. to +动词原形.(想叫某人做某事)want sb. to +动词原形.(想叫某人做某事)⑤have to +动词原形(必须/不得不做某事)⑥Nice/Glad/happy to +动词原形(很高兴做某事) 如:Nice to meet you. I’m glad to be here.5、目前学过的后跟动词原形的有:①情态动词:can,may,could,would,will后;②助动词do,don’t,does,doesn’t后(does,doesn’t一出现,三单式要滚蛋);③动词please(请)后:如:Please tell him about the picnic.④短语Why not…/Why don’t you…后;


⑤动词let 后;如:Let Jane help you. Let’s go home.⑥动词help后,也可带to;如:Let’s help Maria (to) carry water.⑦祈使句以动词原形开头,如:Have a seat , please.请坐下。 6、目前学过的后跟动词ing的有:①Be动词后的动词;如:Are you kidding? I’m just looking.This is Michael speaking.②所有的介词后;已学过的介词有:at,for,about,in,on,from,of,to,with,after等。如:What about +动词ing? —Whatabout flying a kite with me ?How about +动词ing? —How about going fishing this Sunday?It’s time for going home=It’s time to go home.Thank you for helping me=Thank you for your help..③go +动词ing——go fishing去钓鱼; go shopping去购物④do some shopping购物⑤like/love +动词ing (喜欢做某事)7、有单复数变化的词①名词(1) 名词单数变复数的方法 1)大部分在词尾加s.如:dog---dogs2)以-s, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的加es. 如: class---classes bus---buses glass---glasses box---boxes watch---watches(手表) fish---fishes 3)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的,变y为i,加es.baby---babies(婴儿) family---families(家庭) study---studies(书房) fly---flies(蝇子)注意:boy ---boys play---plays toy---toys way---ways monkey---monkeys 4)以 f, fe结尾的,变f, fe为v,加es.half---halves(一半) knife---knives(小刀) yourself(你自己)---yourselves(你们自己)(2) 特殊变化的词1) a 变e: man—men(男子) woman—women(女子) snowman---snowmen(雪人) Englishman--- Englishmen(英国人)Englishwoman---Englishwomen(英国妇女)2) o变e:foot---feet(脚) tooth---teeth(牙齿)3) 单复数同形:Chinese---Chinese(中国人) fish---fish(鱼) yuan---yuan(人民币元)


凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子)9、人
称代词和物主词表代人称代词主
格Iweyouhesheitthey宾
格meusyouhimheritthem中
他我我们你,你们他她它文们物主代词形
容词
性myouryourhisheritstheir名词性mineoursyourshishersitstheirs中
文我的我们的你的;你们的他的她的它的他们的用法:①人
称代词主格:作主语,常放在句首;②人
称代词宾格:作宾语,放在动词和介词后;③形
容词性物主代词:后有名词时,用形容词性;(有名则形)④名词
性物主代词:后无名词时,用名词性。(无名则名)
4) mouse—mice (老鼠) child—children(儿童) 5)合成词中一般变后面的词:apple tree---apple trees(苹果树)但下列需前后都变:man teacher---men teachers(男教师) woman doctor---women doctors(女医生)6)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如:people(人们) police(警察们)本身就是复数,family指“全家人”时,本身也是复数,它们都不能加s. 如:TheChinese people are very kind.中国人民都 很友好。 Kangkang’s family are all tall and thin.康康全家人都又高又瘦。②be动词: 单数am, is; 复数are③行为动词:复数:动词原形单数:在行为动词后加s或es(即动词的三单式)。 如:Maria likes milk.(likes是三单式,为单数)Maria and Jane like milk.(like是动词原形,为复数)④指示代词 单数:this这个 that那个复数:these这些 those那些8.名词+’s所有格单数名词后直接加 “ ’s ”:Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈以s结尾的复数名词,只加“’”Teachers’ Day教师节 the twins’ books双胞胎的书不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数,加“ ’s ”Children’s Day 儿童节 men’s shoes男式鞋表示两者共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后加’sLucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈,一个妈妈)表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加’sLucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和


语:是句子要说明人的和物,是动作的发的出,是句子者主体,一般放句在首。主语由
名词,代词担任。②谓
语:说明主语的动作。只有动词才作谓语,一般放在主语之后。③宾
语:是动作的接受者。放在动词或介词后。由名词,代词担任s Michael often look。如:after his sister at home on Sunday.主
语 谓宾 语 语11. 三单问
题①总则:
主语是第三人称数单时,动词(谓。如:)要用三单式语 He gets up at six。
由于主语He是第三人称后要get单数,动词s,即gets是三单式。 ②可以
作第三人称单数主语(三单主语)的有:(1)he, she,it;(2)单个的人;单个的物。 ③动词三单式的构成 (1)特殊的:be—is have—has (2)有规
律e1)大部分在词尾加s; 如: g的:t—gets take--takes need-needs know—knows 2)以s, x,ch, sh,o 结尾的加es; 如:guess—guesses(猜) watch--watches(看) teach―teaches(教) fish-fishes(钓鱼) go-goes(去) do-does3)以
“+y”辅音字母结尾的,变y为i,加es. 如:study→studies(学
习) fly→flies(飞,) 放carry→carries(提) worry—worries(担心)注意:buy-buys say-says play-plays12.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词的用法意
思用法例句who谁问人的身
份,姓
名等He is LiLie Who is he ?He is my brother. Who is he ?whom谁问人的身
份,姓
名等(问宾I语) can ask him the question.Whom can you ask the question?what什么问人的
职业s 事物是什么He i或a worker. What is he?He has a book. What does he have ?which哪
一个问一定围内特指的人或物范The big box is mine. Which box is yours?The girl at the door is Ann. Which girl is Ann?whose谁
的问所s This i属关系her book. Whose book is this ?This book is hers. what color什么
颜色问颜色表(语)My skirt is red. What color is your skirt?What time几点问
点时aWe pl间y games at five in the afternoon ?What time do you play games?when什么时
候问时 We间play games in the afternoon ?When do you play games?
10.句子的成分①主


地方问地点(语)状We play games at home on Sunday。Where do you play games on Sunday?why为什么问原
因He isn't at school today because he is ill.Why isn't he at school today ?how怎样问
健康状况s 做事的方式等He i、fine/strong. How is he ?I go home by bike. How do you go home?how old多
大几岁问年H龄e is ten. How old is he ?how many多少跟复数名词,问数
量There are thirty boys in my class.How many boys are there in your class?how much多少跟不可数名词问数
量或i There 价钱s some milk in the bottle.How much milk is there in the bottle?how far多远问
路程It's five kilometers away from here How far is it from here?how soon多久问in+一
段时nHe ca间 finish it in half an hour.How soon can he finish it ?how long多久问一
段时间,问物体的
长eHe has lived h短re for a year. How long has he lived here?The desk is one meters long. How long is the desk ?how often多久(一
频率I go to see my parents once a month.How often do you go to see your parents?对画线
次)问
部分提问,除了要注意选择正确的疑问词外,还要注意语序的运用。1、对
子的句主提语问,其语序是:疑问词+谓其+语他成?(分整子个句是陈述语句
序 She) is their teacher. Who is their teacher?主
语 谓主 语 谓语、语2
对句子主语的定语部分提问,其语序是: 疑问词+主
语(即定语所修饰谓名词的+ )+其语他(成分?整个句子是陈述句语序kMy boo) is over there. Whose book is over there ?主
主的定语 语语 谓 语 疑问词 主语 谓语以上两
点方法都是:用
确正代疑问词的线替画部分,再把句改号为问号,其余分部一般不做改
变3.
对表语�
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