小升初-语法专题冠词


1.掌握冠词的定义和分类2.掌握不定冠词a/an的区别和用法3.掌握定冠词的用法4.掌握零冠词的用法学习目标


What would you like for your birthday?




语法精讲


冠词冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。冠词是名词的一种标志,它不能离开名词而独立存在,表示的主语数量或者特征。


不定冠词的用法aan


不定冠词的用法1.泛指一类名词中的某一个。e.g. Give me a book, please. 请给我-本书。His father is a policeman.他父亲是一名警察。2.代表某一类人或事物。e.g. A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。A student should study hard.学生应该努力学习。3.表示单位,相当于“每”的意思。e.g. We have three meals a day.我们每日吃三餐。


不定冠词的用法4.表示数量。e.g. She has a mouth, a nose, and two eyes. 她有一张嘴,鼻子,两个眼睛。5.固定短语。a few 一些 in a minute 等一会a lot of 许多 a little 一点儿have a try 试-试


不定冠词的用法a用在以辅音音素开头的可数名词前 e.g.a schoolbagan用在以元音音素开头的可数名词前 e.g.an eraser


不定冠词的用法


不定冠词的用法






不定冠词-a/an总结a用在辅音音素前,而不是用在辅音字母前;an用在元音音素前,而不是用在元音字母前。an apple a usual day an hour当第一次提到某人或某物时,用a和an起介绍作用


定冠词的用法the


第一次提到用a或an” ,“以后再次提到the” )e.g. Look! There is a cat on the chair. The cat is yellow. 看,椅子上有一只猫。猫是黄色的。
定冠词-the1.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。e.g. The book is mine. 这本书是我的。2.指谈话双方都明确所知的人或事物。e.g. Open the door, please. 请把门打开。3.复述上文提过的人或事物( “


太阳the earth地球 the moon
月亮the sky 天空
定冠词4.序数词和形容词最高级前。e.g. January is the first month of a year. 一月份是一年当中的第一个月。 Tom is the tallest in our class. 汤姆是我们班最高的。5.表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物。e.g. the sun


6.表示方向、方位e.g. in the east 在东方 in the west 在西方 on the right 在右边 on the left 在左边7.表示演奏乐器时,乐器的前面要加the。e.g.play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴定冠词


8.固定表达。e.g. in the morning在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening在晚上9.用在姓氏的复数形式前,表示全家人。e.g. the Blacks定冠词


10.在江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛的名称前。e.g. the Yangtze River 长江 the Yellow River 黄河定冠词


悉，上文
已提及。世上独无二,习语
及乐器。
定冠词①和个体名词的单数或者复数连用。表示某个或者某些特定的人或事物。②特指说话双方都知道的人或者事物。③指上文提到过的人或者事物。④用在世界上独一无二的事物前。,⑤和某些形容词连用,表示一类人。⑥用在方位名词前⑦ 用在西洋乐器前。⑧用在普通名词组成的专有名词前。速记小妙招特指双熟


零冠词的用法名词前没有冠词


国名、人名等专有名词前不用冠词。(但缩写的国名要用the)e.g. Canada Lucy from the UK2.复数名词表示泛指,表示一类人或事物时,可不用冠词。e.g.I like vegetables.定冠词
用法1.在


呼、职业的名词前不用冠词。e.g.Uncle Bob ; Teacher Wang4.当名词
已有作定语的代词时不加冠词。e.g.I'd like to buy this dress.定冠词
3.在称


棋类、学科和语言类的名词之前,不必加冠词。They have breakfast at half past seven. 他们
七点半吃早饭。7. 在表示月份、
星期、季节、节日等词之前,不必加冠词。August is the eighth month of the year. 八
月是一年中的第八个月。定冠词
6. 在表示三餐、球类、


搭配中不用冠词。常见的有:go to school 去
上学 go to bed 上床睡觉by bus/train 乘坐公共汽车/火车
in danger 在危险中on earth 到
底;究竟 go to work 去上班 by bike骑自行车
on foot步行out of danger 脱
离危险 at noon/night 在中午/夜晚定冠词
9. 在一些固定


常见搭配不定冠词in the morning/afternoon/eveningin the endat the beginning at the same time take the subwayby busgo to school play football have breakfast零冠词定冠词
have a cold have a try have a rest in a word冠词的


题精讲
例


析apple 首字母发音为元音音素/æ/，用an ；下一次提到树用the，cat首字母
发音为辅音音素/k/，用a。
1. Look, there's ____ apple tree.______tree is very tall. You can see________cat under it.A. an, A, theB. an, The, aC. a, The, a解析：B分


意:这笔钱来自日本。专门用于某事的
钱, money需特指; Japan为国家,不用冠词。故选C。
2. ________ money is from _______Japan.A. The; a B. A; the C. The; /句


意:他的妈妈是一个演员，他的爸爸是一个好的工程师。actress 首
字母发音为元音发音/æ/, 用an；good 首字母发音为辅音/g/ 所以用a。
故选B。
3. His mother is _____ actress and his father is ______ good engineer.A. an; an B. an; a C. a; an句


析:句意:莎拉的叔叔是个医生,并且她的姑姑是个艺术家。Doctor第一个读音/d/是辅音,故
前面用a,artist第一个读音是元音/a:/,故前面用an。根据语意和选项,故答案选A。
4. Sarah' s uncle is _______doctor, and her aunt is______artist.A.a; an B.a; a C.an; an D. an; a答案:A分


析:根据冠词的用法,球类运动前不用冠词,故playing和football之间不用冠词;而表示“弹奏乐器”时,乐器名词前要加定冠词the。
故选A。
5. I like playing ______football, but my brother likes playing ______violin.A. /; the B. the; the C. the; /分


意:白发的那位老人在会上说法语说得很好。old man后出现了"with white hair”因此需
要特指; French是一门语言,因此不用冠词;在会议上说法语;会议当然需要特指。故选B。
6. _______old man with white hair speaks _____French well at _______meeting.A. An; an; a B. The; /; the C. The; a; a句


意:我妈妈买了一件枯色外套。那外套很好看。coat 第一次出现,不用特指; orange第一个音是元音音素,用an;第二空coat是第二次
出现,要特指,用the。故选B。
7. My mum bought ____orange coat. _____coat is nice.A. a; The B. an; The C. the; The句


意:我们通常工作日上学,有时在周末去电影院。去电影院是固定搭配, go to the cinema; 在
周末也是固定搭配,不需要要冠词。故选A。
8. We usually go to school on weekdays, and sometimes go to _______cinema at_____weekends.A. the; / B. the; the C. /; the句


填空
①Su Hai's father is______engineer.
②My sister can speak ______Japanese.③____man in blue is Tom's father.④Can you see ______red apple over there?
9.用冠词


析：第1题中engineer是以元音音素开头的单词
且此处强调的数量是一个,所以用不定冠词an。第2题中Japanese表示语
言,其前不用冠词。第3题中特指
穿蓝色衣服的人,所以用定冠词the。第4题中的red是以辅音音素开头的单词
且 apple表示的数量是一个,所以用不定冠词a。
分


固练习
巩


列名词前填上a或an _____ball ______hour _____orange _____onion______photo ______umbrella _____ear _______old man ______unit ______driver______art lesson_____bee
一、在下


译英1.
感冒________ 2. 试一下_____3.散步________ 4. 看一看______5.
过得愉快__________ 6. 长城______7.每天三次_______ 8.休息
一下________9.总而
言之________ 10.弹钢琴________
二、中


空This is ____ apple. It is ____ big apple.There's_____"u" and ______ "s" in _____word "use".Lucy plays ______piano. Jack plays_____football.Here is ______egg and _____egg is on _____ table.It's ______orange. It's ______orange, not red.
三、用a/ an/ the 填


、用冠词填空，不需要的地方用/ Zhang Ling and Zhang Hua are on their_____ way to______school. They see____ watch on______ground. It's ____nice one.It's new, too. Whose watch is it? There is _____ man near_____bike. Perhaps _____watch is his. "Is this watch yours?" “No, it isn't. There is______ woman over there. You can ask her. Perhaps it's hers." "Excuse me. Is this your watch?" “No, it isn't. Mine is yellow. It's red." Now they can't find _____owner. Then they see_______police man. They go and give _____ watch to him._____ police man says they are _____good kids.
四


(二)My name is ____ Jack. I'm a boy. My father is 38 years old. He is ______ doctor. He likes playing_______ basketball. On_______week ends we always play ______ basketball together. He likes skating, too. He usually skates in _____winter, so he is healthy. My mother is_____teacher. She likes staying at ______ home and learning ______ English. She always reads _____ books. She is very busy.