高中英语（新人教版）必修第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage知识点归纳***知识清单***一、词形转换1．threat n．威胁→threaten vt.威胁；危及2．hunt v．打猎；搜寻；追捕→ hunter n．猎人3．rate n．速度；(比)率 vt.划分等级→rating n．等级；级别4．extinct adj.已灭绝的→extinction n．灭绝5．press vt.压；按→pressure n．压力；要求6．concern n．担心；关心 vt.让……担忧；涉及→concerned adj.担心的；关切的7．legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.不合法的；非法的→illegally adv.不合法地；非法地8．alarm vt.使害怕；使惊恐；使担心 n．警报；恐慌；警报器→alarming adj.惊人的；使人惊恐的→alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的9．intend vi.& vt.打算；计划；想要→intention n．打算；目的10．exist vi.存在；生存→existence n．存在；生存二、重点单词和短语1．rate n．速度；(比)率 vt.划分等级；评价；评估①Most people walk at an average rate of 5 kilometres anhour.n.速度②The birth rate of that country is reducing.n.(比)率③China and India are rated as the most attractive marketsnow.v.评价，看作2．reserve n．(动植物)保护区；储藏(量)vt.预订；预留；保留①These seats are reserved for the elderly and women withbabies.vt.预留②I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock.vt.预订


③We set up a wildlife reserve to protect endangeredelephants.n.保护区 die out灭绝；逐渐消失；逐渐熄灭[例1]　With society developing，many old customs are dyingout.随着社会的发展，许多古老的风俗在逐渐消失。[例2]　With the living environment becoming worse andworse，many of the earth's species are dying out.随着生存环境变得越来越糟，地球上的很多物种正在消失。[造句]一旦大火熄灭，救援队就会马上进入。Once the fire has died out，the rescue team will move inimmediately.[知识拓展]die away　 逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失die down 逐渐降低，逐渐平息die of 相继死去die of 死于(内因)die from 死于(外因)die for 为……而死alarming adj.惊人的；使人惊恐的[例1]　It is true that the earth's resources are running out atan alarming rate，so we should make good use of them.的确，地球资源正以惊人的速度耗尽，所以我们应该好好利用它们。[例2]　This idea seems to become less alarming.这个想法似乎就变得不那么可怕了。[造句]人口正以惊人的速度下降。The population is dropping at an alarming rate.[知识拓展](1)alarm vt.　使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 n. 警报；恐慌in alarm 惊恐地(2)alarmed adj.惊恐的；忧虑的be alarmed at/by...对……大为惊慌be alarmed to do...做……感到恐慌We were alarmed at the alarming scream as the scream didalarm us.我们被那令人惊恐的尖叫声吓了一跳，因为那叫声的确使我们感到惊恐。aware of意识到；知道We must make people aware of the problem and help theendangered wildlife before it's too late！我们必须让人们意识到这个问题，并及时帮助……濒危野生动物！


错w。→She was not a了are of having done wrong．→She was not aware that she had done wrong．→She was not aware of what she had done was wrong．[名师
点1]　 (津)aware后跟名
性词从，句时一般从句前不能用of，但从在hatw句f必须用o前。(2)修
，aware可用well，much，very much，fully饰但3用very。(不)be aware后
一般不接不定式eav。rage adj.平
均的；正常的；普通平 的．n均水平；平均数(教
材P14)How many elephants are killed on average everyday？
平均每天有多少头大象被？杀[例1]　He is working hard and his grades are above theaverage in his class.他学习刻苦
成，绩在班里平高于均o平。[例2]　The average 水f 3，8 and 10 is 7.3，8，10的平
均数[7。为造句]每个
班平均有10名学生考通过未试eAn average of ten students haven't pass。d the exam in eachclass.[知识拓展](1)on (the)average　 平
均v看above (the)a来erage 高于平
均r平below (the)ave水age 低于平
均 平(2)an average水of... 平
有均(……后跟数g)the avera词e of... ……的平
均数The temperature now is below average．
[例1]　In conclusion，people around the world should be wellaware of the real situation of water shortage.总之，全世界的人们都应该清楚地知道水资源短缺的真实情况。[例2]　The failure made me aware of my own shortcomings.这次失败使我意识到了我自己的缺点。[造句]每个人都意识到了污染的严重性。Everybody is aware of the seriousness of pollution.[知识拓展](1)be/become aware of...对……知道；明白；意识到be/become aware that... 知道/体会到……as/so far as I am aware 据我所知make sb.aware of... 使某人意识到……(2)awareness n. 意识；认识develop an awareness of... 形成……的意识raise awareness 提高意识她还没意识到她做


的时气温于低平均a平。concerned 水bout对……关切的；为……担忧的(教
材P15)I'm concerned about the African elephants.我很担心非
洲大象例[。1]　She is concerned about/for her son's future.她担忧她
儿子的未。[例2]　来You will tell your friend that you are concerned abouthim and you will meet after class and talk then.你
会告诉你的友朋你心很关他，下课后你们会谈面交见。[造句]我们都担心她的
安 。We are全all concerned about her safety.[知识拓展](1)concern vt.　(使)担忧；涉及；关
系关到 n. 担；心注；(利害)关nshow concer系 for 关心(2)concerned adj. 担心的；关
注.as/so far as..的be concerned 关于；
至于；就……而ebe concern言d with sth. 牵
涉到；与……有(3)concerning prep.关 关于The story concerns the prince's eforts to rescue Pamina.Hewas concerned that she might miss the turning and getlost.All the difficulties concerning Pamina were solved by theprince.这
故事讲的是王子奋力解救帕米娜。他心她可担能会过错转弯的地
方而路迷。所有有与米娜帕关的难事都决王子解由。adapt vi.适
应 vt.使适使；应适合；改编(教
材P15)Elephants need large living spaces，so it's difficultfor them to adapt to the changes.大
象需要很大的生存空间，所以它们很难适应变化f[例1]　Not only has she adapted (herself)to the 。ast rhythmof city life，but she is becoming more and more outgoing.她不
仅已经适应了奏快节的城市生活而，且变得越来越开朗o[例2]　After graduation from c。llege，I gradually adaptedmyself to living on my own.大
学毕业后，我逐渐适应了独立生活。[造句]据
说这部新影片是根据一小本说改编d。This new film is said to be a的apted from a novel.[知识拓展](1)adapt to　　　
适合，适fadapt onesel应 to 使自己
适.adapt...to..应 使……
适r……adapt...fo应... 将
……改编.……adapt sth为 from sth. 根
据……改编l…(2)adaptab…e adj. 能适
应的；可修改的
此


；适应[名师
点n]　 adapt (o津eself)to中的to为
介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾i。The children are finding 语t hard to adapt to their newsurroundings.孩子
发觉很难适m新环境。应easure n．
措施；方法 vt.测量；度量；估量(教
材P15)What measures are being taken to help them?正在
取什采么措施帮来助它们m？[例1]　The roo呢 measures 10 metres across.这个
房间宽十米[例。2]　Education shouldn't be measured purely byexamination results.教
育不应该仅仅用考试结果来衡量。[造句]你
们应该采取有效措施来改善你们的工环作境。You should take efective measures to improve your workingconditions．[知识拓展](1)take measures/steps to do sth. 采取措施
做某mmade to 事easure 量
身定制h(2)measure st的. by sth. 用某物来
衡量某物[名师
点a]　me津sure表示“
量度为”时，系是动词，后跟测量结果，不用于被动语态
及进行时。类词用法的单似还oweigh。Think about measures 有f measuring the weight of theelephant.思考测
量大象重量的办s。ob法erve vt.观察
到；注视；看到；注意到；则守(遵规；法律等)、庆祝(教
材P16)This is why we're here—to observe Tibetanantelopes.这就
是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊s[例1]　As a middle school student，he 。hould observe theschool rules and traffic regulations.作为一个中
学生，他应该遵守校规和交通规则 [例2]　I observed that。several students were asleep in class.我
注意到有几个学生在课堂上睡了着。[造句]全世界的中
国人都庆祝春节nChi。ese all over the world observe the Spring Festival.[知识拓展](1)observe sb. do sth.观察
到某人做了某sobserve 事b. doing sth.观察
到某人正在做某eobs事rve＋that从
句 发现……
(3)adaptation n. 改编本


，观测[名师
点津]　表示“注
到，看到意”，复后接面合宾语，其不中动词用定式iv.和ng形式
作宾语足补，语但不动词定式作宾语补足要时，语省略动词不符式定号to，
调强的作发生全动程过，但用于被动语态时，不t式符号定o不可省略
；v.ing形式作宾语补足语时，强调正作动在进行 When we attend the parade to observe the National Day，wemust。observe the traffic regulations.If we observe someonerun a red light，we should stop him.当
我们祝加游行庆参国庆节的时候须我，必们守交通规则遵。果如我们看到
有人闯红灯我，们就要阻止他。remind vt.提
醒；使想起(教
材P16)I'm also reminded of the danger they are in.我
也们意到了它所识处的危险 [例1]　I don't want。them to remind me of her.我不想因它们而想
起e来。[例2]　R她minded not to drive after drinking，some drivers arestill trying their luck，which is really dangerous.尽
管被提醒不要酒后驾车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。[造句]这
些老�