后接着that如：I know(that) you are a student. 例：--What did your teacher say this morning?--She told us__________.A.why was Tom late for school again.B.Whether we have much homeworkC.How did she come to school this morningD.That we would have a test soon2.宾语从句是一般疑问句时，用if或whether来引导, 不可省略。一般跟在wonder/do not know/doubt/I am not sure 后面。如：Lily wanted to know if her grandma liked the handbag.例：I really wonder__________?A.what is the result of giving up smokingB.Whether are red and white a perfect matchC.How can I improve my knowledge of historyD.When our school will have the sports meeting区别：只用whether：有or not ；后接介词；后接不定式2. wh-疑问词，how，how soon/how often/how long/how far...--Simon,can you tell me______?A.where you saw the film Wolf Warriors IIB.When did you see the film Wolf Warriors IIC.Why you have seen the film Wolf Warriors IID.Who you saw the film Wolf Warriors II总结：先语序，后时态附：宾语从句的简化（简单句）1.当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope, wish, decide等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：I hope that I can see you again.＝I hope to see you again.2. 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn等时，可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如： I don’t know what I should say. ＝I don’t know what to say.3.当主句的谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为不定式结构或“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：Mr Hu tells us that we shouldn’t draw on the wall. ＝Mr Hu tells us not to draw on the wall. Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps？＝Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？
1 Goals determine what you are going to be！ 宾语从句详解 （Object clauses）语法书说：宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或者形容词的宾语。简而言之：句子B在A里做宾语如： I love what you gave me. 宾语从句三要素：语序；时态；连接词知识点1：宾语从句的语序陈述句语序，即主语在前谓语在后例1：--There is a sports meeting in our school every year.Could you tell me______? --Sorry,it hasn’t been decided yet.A.where will we have the sports meeting.B.how often we have the sports meeting.C.what should we do for the sports meeting.D.when we will have the sports meeting.例2：--Can you describe _______? --Yes.I was walking when a bike knocked me down from behind.A.why did the accident happenB.When did the accident happenC.How the accident happenD.Where the accident happen例3：--Could you tell me_______?--”Rome was not built in a day”.You should practice more.A.how can I have a good memoryB.How I can do to have a good memoryC.Why I should have a good memoryD.What I can do to have a good memory例外： 1.敢问路在何方Could you tell me which is the way to the museum?Could you tell me where the museum is?2. 你怎么啦①--You look sad.Could you tell me what’s wrong with you?--Er,I failed this exam.②--Tom hasn’t come to the party.Do you know what’s thematter with him?--Sorry,I don’t know.3._________________________________________How tidy the room is!Could you tell me who cleaned it?Lucy didn’t appear at the party yesterday.Do you know whathappened to her?I want to know what’s on the desk.知识点2：宾语从句的时态 (主从句相对应)1. 如果主句是现在时（一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），宾语从句的时态不受限制，可以根据实际表达的需要来确定。She knows(that)her parents________in Nanjing tomorrow.(arrive)I know (that)he ________ here five years ago.(live)We have heard (that)she ________ dancing every day?(practise)I am looking for where my pause ________.(be) 2.当主句是过去的某种时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时），宾语从句应与主句保持一致，用过去的某种时态。I didn’t know (that)he ________ come.Miss Li told us(that)she had seen the film.I saw (that)she ________ with her mother at that moment.(talk)He said that he ________ in Wenzhou in 1996.(be born)They said that they had already seen the film.一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时一般将来时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）注意：句子中的could/would 不是过去式，是委婉语气，视为一般现在时，用法根据1Could you tell me what he said at the meeting？ 3.【易错点】如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、格言、科学真理时，从句时态不受主句限制，用一般现在时。如： Everyone knew there______ 365 days in a year.(be) She said that two heads________better than one.(be) He said that the sun________ in the east. (rise)例：Daniel asked his teacher___________?A.where could he join his favourite clubB.What would the life be like on Mars in the futureC.Whether the rainbow appears after the rain in summerD.How many people will come to the meeting this coming Saturday知识点3：连接词在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。常用的连接词有：that; if; whether; what; which; who; whom; when; where; how; why等。1. 宾语从句是陈述句时，用that引导。口语中that常被省略。no doubt/do not doubt


2 Goals determine what you are going to be！ 4.“S+V+(hat)it is+adj.n.+to do”转换成S+V+ it+adj. /n.+to do”Many students find (that)it is hard to learn English well.=Many students find it hard to learn English well. Many students found(that)it was hard to learn English well.=Many students found it hard to learn English well.小试牛刀Almost nothing we do in this world is done in isolation(孤立). At work or at play, you’ll find yourself in groups, workingwith other people: your team at work, a meeting with fellowworkers, your family, a holiday with friends, a group of studentsworking together, a group of neighbors wanting to make changes.It is now realized that being able to work successfully withother people is one of the main keys to success, partly becausewe need to do it so often. In almost every situation where you’re in a group, you willneed a skilled leader. All groups need leaders and all successfulgroups have good leaders. Groups without leaders or with weakleaders almost always break down. Members of a leaderless groupoften begin to feel disappointed and helpless. Time is wasted andthe tasks are not achieved. There are often arguments andnervousness between people as there is nobody to keep the goalsclear. Often group members begin not to come to meetings inorder to avoid more disagreement. Some people are natural leaders. The well-known cook,Antonio Carlucci says, “True leaders are born and you can seethem in kitchens.” They’re people who are strong, fair andhumorous. Although a lot of people agree that there are somenatural–born leaders, most people now know that leadership canalso be taught. Experienced teachers can train almost anyone howto be a successful leader. Good leaders don’t make people dothings in a controlling way. You can learn how to join others,encouraging the whole group to work towards a common goal. Successful leaders also need to be calm and wise. Theyneed to be able to work out good solutions and make perfectjudgments under pressure. Lastly, and probably most importantly,good leaders need to be sensitive, confident and be able to get onwell with a variety of people. 1.Groups with ____ leaders will often cause arguments atmeetings or between people. A．good and strong B．no or weak C．skilled and weak D．good and natural2.People who are born strong, fair and humorous are called__A．natural leaders B．well-known cooks C．experienced staff D．successful leaders3.Good leaders always have many ways of doing things except _A．joining people together B．encouraging the whole groupC．controlling people to do things D．leading people to work towards goals4.Which of the following is NOT correct according to thispassage? A．One of the main keys to success is being able to work withothers well.B．People will often feel disappointed and helpless if they aren’twith good leaders.C．Being calm and wise can help leaders make perfect judgmentsunder pressure.D．Experienced teachers can hardly train people to be successfulleaders.5.Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?A．How to be successful leaders. B．Successful leaders.C．Why to be natural leaders. D．Be sensitive and confident.宾语从句专项练习（ ）1. I don't know _______ he will come tomorrow. ______ hecomes, I'll tell you．A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If（ ）2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow.A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come（ ）3. Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is?A.what B. how C. whether D. where（ ）4. Could you tell me _______ the radio without any help?A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended（ ）5. I want to know _______.A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is lookingC. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after（ ）6. Do you know where _________ now?A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live（ ）7. Do you know what time _________?A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves（ ）8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please?A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two playersC. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are（ ）9. The small children don't know _________.A. w