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人教版英语九年级全册练习题:Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth3 单元语法小专题.doc
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单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)语法精讲一、情态动词的用法复习情态动词有can(could),may(might),must,have to,shall(should),will(would),dare(dared),need,ought to等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化,不能单独使用,必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。1.情态动词的一般用法(1)can与could①表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。此时可用be able to代替。can只有一般现在时和一般过去时,而be able to则有更多的时态。当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用can。②表示请求或允许。此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替,不是过去式,只是语气更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答语中。如:—Could I come to see you tomorrow?我明天可以来看你吗?—Yes,you can./No,I'm afraid not.是的,可以。/不,恐怕不行。③表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。(2)may与might①表示请求或允许。might表示请求或允许时比 may语气更委婉,并不是其过去式。否定回答时可用can't或mustn't,表示“不可以,禁止”。用“May I…?”征询对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用“Can I…?”在口语中更常见。②用于祈使句,表示祝愿。如:May you succeed!愿你成功!(3)must与have to①表示必须、必要。在回答由must引出的问句时,如果是否定的,不能用mustn't(禁止,不准),而用needn't或don't have to(不必)。如:—Must we hand in our exercise books today?我们今天必须交练习本吗?—Yes,you must./No,you don't have to/you needn't.是的,你们必须今天交。/不,你们不一定要今天交。②must是说话人的主观看法,而have to则强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时,而have to 有更多的时态形式。如:I had to work when I was your age.我像你这么大时,就必须工作了。(4)dare与need①dare作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,其过去式为dared。如:He daren't speak English before such a crowd,dare he?他不敢在人群前说英语,是吗?②need 作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,have to,ought to,should代替。如:—Need I finish the work today?我需要今天完成这个工作吗?—Yes,you must./No,you needn't.是的,必须今天完成。/不,不一定要今天完成。③dare和need作实义动词用时,有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中,dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。need后面只能接带to的不定式。如:He doesn't dare(to) answer.他不敢回答。He needs to finish his homework today.他今天要完成家庭作业。(5)shall与should①shall 用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意见。What shall we do this evening?今天晚上我们做什么?②shall 用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如:You shall fail if you don't work hard.如果你不努力就会失败。(警告)(6)will与would第 1 页


、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否定句和感叹nCa句中。如: this be true?这可能是
真cThis 的吗?an't be done by him.这不可能是他做的。How can this be true?这
怎么可能是真表示推测、可能性(2)may/might的?(不用于疑问句)。might不是过去式,
它所may表示的可能性比小。如:Your mother may/might not know the truth.你
妈妈可能不知道真相u(3)m。st表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的
陈述Y)。如:句ou're Tom's good friend,so you must know what he likes best.你是
汤姆的好朋友,你一定知道他最喜欢(4什么。)should,ought to(客观推测),must(主观推测)。如:He must be home by now.他现在一定回家了。(断
定他已到)家He ought to/should be home by now.他现在应该
到家了。(按理应当,不太二、)肯定used to “闯
三关”1.用法
关used to后接动词原形,表示过去经常性或
持续性的动作或状o“过去常常”。如:I used t态,意为 get up very early.我过去常常
很早起床nWhe。 I was young,it used to be very cold in winter.在我小的时
候,冬天经常很冷。2.句式
关其否定形式为didn't use to do sth.或usedn't to do sth.;
一般疑问形式为Used sb.to do sth.?或Did sb.use to dosth.?
;附加use(d)n't sb.或疑问句式为didn't sb.。3.
辨异关be/get used to后面接
名为或动词in词形式时,表示“习惯于(做)某事”,其中tog介词obe used t;后面接动词原形时,表示“被
用来做某事”。其中to是不定式符号 I'm used to。如:walking to school now.我现在习惯
步行去学校Th。e computer is used to store information.这
台电脑被用来储存信息语法精练。第 2 页
①表示请求、建议等,would更委婉。如:Will/Would you pass me the ball,please?请问你能把那个球递给我吗?②表示意志、愿望和决心。如:I will never do that again.我再也不会那样做了。③would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去的习惯时比used to正式,且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如:During the vacation,he would visit me every other day.假期里,他每隔一天看我一次。(7)should与ought to①should,ought to表示“应该”,ought to表示义务或责任,比should语气重。如:I should help her because she is in trouble.我应该帮她,因为她陷入麻烦了。You ought to take care of the baby.你应该照顾这个宝宝。②表示劝告、建议或命令时should,ought to可通用,但在疑问句中常用should。如:You should/ought to go to class right away.你应该马上去上课。Should I open the window?我应该打开门吗?2.情态动词表推测(1)can表示推测(惊讶


适当形式填空y1.You must return the book to the library on time.2.I can't(not) find the wa。 to the hospital.Could you show me the way?3.—Must I finish the work right now?—No,you needn't(not).You may do it later.4.He said he couldn't(not) come tonight.5.Her mother was ill.She had__to stay at home and look after her.6.It's time for class.You must stop playing football or you may be late for class.7.The cloud is lifting,so it can't(not) be a rainy day tomorrow.8.The desk is not dirty.You needn't clean it.9.—What is your mother going to do this Saturday?—I'm not sure.She may/might go to see my grandmother.10.If the traffic light is red,you mustn't cross the road.It's dangerous.Ⅱ.用
括号中所给单词的适当形式填空.11.We don't need to__work(work) today.12。He doesn't dare to__break(break) his promise.13.Some students are used to asking(ask) their parents for help when they meet trouble.14.There used to__be(be) a quiet village here.15.I think you will be used to living(live) in the countryside.16.All of us know that cotton can be used to__make(make) cloth.17.You used to__go(go) to school by bike,didn't you?Ⅲ.根据汉
语意思完成句子,每空词数不限。18.这本
书一定是汤姆的,他的名字在封面上。This book must__be Tom's.His name is on the cover.19.他
被一个5岁的小男孩愚弄了,这可能是真的吗?Can__it__be true that he was fooled by a fiveyearold boy?20.你的
车需要维修r You了。car needs__mending/needs__to__be__repaired.21.这种小
刀是用来切东西s Thi的。kind of knife is__used__to__cut things.22.当我
年轻的时候,我常常打篮I 球。used__to__play basketball when I was young.23.他过去常
花很多时间玩电脑游戏hDid__吗?e__use__to__spend/Used__he__to__spend much time playing computer games? 第 3 页
Ⅰ.用can,may,must,need或have to的
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