ReadingReading


Read the passage as quickly as you can and choose the best title for it.The Different Uses of Metals The Reaction of Metals The Reaction of Metals with Oxygen Passage A


We can reach a conclusion that it isimportant for us to read books.


It is our aim to build up a harmonious society.


It is a piece of electrical equipment.


The stone contains potassium.


sodium


calcium


magnesium


The wheel is made of aluminum.


zinc




oxide


Nails are easy to rust in the damp air.


Water boils at 100 °C.


Read the passage again and answer the following questions:1. Which of the metals in the table reacts the most with oxygen and water? Potassium, calcium and sodium.2. What happens when you heat calcium in oxygen? It burns to form an oxide.


3. Which metals react with steam? Magnesium, aluminium and zinc.4. Does iron have a slow or fast reaction with steam? It has a slow reaction.5. Does copper react with water? No, it doesn’t.


Read the passage and fill in the chart. Passage BIron in dry airIron in air-free waterIron in ordinary waterStage A(starting experiment)cotton woolwater water


Stage B(1 week later)Stage C (Result)nailswater Iron does not rust Iron does not rust Iron rusts


1. In the first part of the experiment, the ___ is dry, not wet.2. It shows that iron ___________ when the air is dry.3. In the second part of the experiment, you must ____ the water to make sure there is no ____ in it.airdoes not rustboilairRead the passage again and complete the sentences.


4. You add _________ to the water because this keeps ____ out of it.5. It shows that ____ does not rust in water that has no ____ in it.some oilairnail air


Complete the passage with proper words according to Passage A and B.It is hard to think of a world without metals. Different metals have different uses, for example, iron can be used in ________ equipment. But above all we should know whether it will ____ under electricalreact


different conditions. Otherwise it will keep the equipment from working well. As we all know, if iron is heated in oxygen, it will react slowly but will not form an _____. oxide


On the other hand, if it is put together with water or _____, there will be a ______ reaction. Next let’s do an __________ to support the above. First, get a test tube filled with water and put it over the _____________ to ___ for three minutes. steampartialexperimentBunsen burnerboil


Then put three or four clean nails in the water with some oil added to it and leave the tube for one week. What happens? The iron does not ____ in air-free water. Another experiment, if you put the nails in the tube with the air in it for one week, then what happens? Iron rusts in _______ water. rustordinary


Read about an incident during a chemistry lesson and choose the best summary.Reading on P93


1.A student didn’t follow the instructions carefully. He took the wrong liquid from the cupboard and nearly poisoned the class. 2.2.The chemistry teacher was demonstrating an experiment when she heated a poisonous liquid. There was so much smoke that the students had to leave the room.


3. A student was doing a chemistry experiment when he accidentally heated the wrong liquid and caused an incident in the laboratory.


Read the passage again and answer the questions:1. What substances were they using? Baking soda and hydrochloric acid.2. What substances were the students making? Salt.


3. How can they make the reaction quicker? By making the mixture hotter.4. What mistakes did Paul make? He used the wrong liquid.


5. Why did he make the mistake? Because there was no label on the bottle.6. What happened when Paul heated the liquid? It formed a thick cloud of white gas.


7. Why did the teacher send the students out of the room? Because the liquid was acrylamide and the gas was poisonous.8. What lesson did the incident teach the students and the teacher? Never to leave a bottle without a label in the chemistry lab.