Unit 3 Computers 教案1（WHO AM I?)IntroductionIn this period, after the warming up, students will first be guided to imagine and share their viewsabout the technology. They will then be helped to read a narration entitled WHO AM I. Examples of “Warming Up” designs are presented in this book for teachers’ reference. Computerand overhead projector may be used to aid the teaching and learning. ObjectivesTo talk about computerTo read about computerFocusWordssimplify, sum, operator, logically, solve, reality, personal, network, finance,applications, exploreExpressions technological revolution, artificial intelligence, as a result, anyhowPatterns From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.As a result I totally changed my shape.Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I neverforget anything I have been told!AidsMultimedia facilities, tape-recorder, photos, diagrams ProceduresI. Warming up 1. Warming up by talking about computerLook at the pictures on page 17. What are they? What do they have in common? Yes, they arecomputers. Then what is a computer?A computer is a machine which stores knowledge in its memory and does calculations on thatknowledge. This knowledge is stored in symbols; it is called data. A computer usually has amonitor to show results. However, some computers can speak; these computers can be used forvoice mail.第 1 页


计算机室A computer frequently requires a boot device. The boot device contains the computer’s operatingsystem and data. Computer programs can be installed onto a computer. Some people think thatcomputers are less useful if they do not have access to the Internet. They think this because theInternet allows the computers to send and receive data and email across the world.曙光3000巨型计算机A computer is now almost always an electronic device. It usually contains materials which aretoxic; these materials will become toxic waste when disposed of. When a new computer ispurchased in some places, laws require that the cost of its waste management must also be paidfor. This is called product stewardship.In some countries old computers are recycled (melted down) to get gold and other metals. This isdangerous, because this procedure releases the toxic waste into the water and soil.Computers become obsolete quickly. Very often they are given away and new ones replace themwithin two or three years. This makes the problem worse. Computer recycling is thus common.Many projects try to send working computers to developing nations so they can be re-used andwill not become waste as quickly.第 2 页


Computer jargon 计算机行话Computer jargon means words to do with computers and surrounding topics. Knowing what thesewords mean can help you know more about computers. Some people use these words to impressother people (Also known as buzzwords).Examples of jargon:Bit - The smallest data unit, can either be a “0.” or a “1.”. Byte - unit of data. See also Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte and Nibble CPU –Central Processing Unit, Another name for processor Data - Information stored on a computer Disk - A place to store data. Email - Electronic mail. GHz - Gigahertz. Used often incorrectly to describe the speed of a processor. But with some 2.4GHz processors faster than 3.6 GHz ones, it is clear that it is just a salesman trick. Load - Get data from a disk Nibble - Half a Byte Save - Put data on a disk RAM – random-access memory(随机存取存储器), the more the better. USB - Universal Serial Bus（通用串行总线，一种简化了插接多种附件的薄型插座） WWW - World Wide Web, part of the InternetII. Pre-reading1. Questioning and answering---What do you know about computer?(1) Electronic machine capable of performing calculations and other manipulations of varioustypes of data, under the control of a stored set of instructions. The machine itself is the hardware;the instructions are the program or software. Depending upon size, computers are calledmainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers. Microcomputers include desk-top and portablepersonal computers.(2) A multi-function electronic device that can execute instructions to perform a task.(3) A device that accepts information, processes it, and supplies an output. A computer usuallycontains memory, a control unit, arithmetic and logical units, and a means for input and output.(4) A programmable hardware component that is controlled by internally stored programs and thatcan perform substantial computations (including arithmetic and logic operations) without human第 3 页


intervention. A computer typically consists of one or more processing units, memory units, andassociated peripheral input and output devices.(5) Related to automation and electronic data processing. The Library of Congress commonlyclasses most computer-related books in HF5548, QA75-76, Z52, T385, and some TK ranges.(6) A machine for performing calculations automatically calculator: an expert at calculation (or atoperating calculating machines) (7) A computer is a device or machine for making calculations or controlling operations that areexpressible in numerical or logical terms. Computers are constructed from components thatperform simple well-defined functions. The complex interactions of these components endowcomputers with the ability to process information. If correctly configured (usually by,programming) a computer can be made to represent some aspect of a problem or part of a system.If a computer configured in this way is give2. Discussing and sharing---How have computers changed our lives?Someday soon, if you haven’t already, you’re likely to plug into the computer network nationgrowing in our midst. Computer terminals, or small computers connected via modem (amodulator/demodulator circuit for encoding/decoding computer chatter) to ordinary telephonelines, should be as ubiquitous as the telephone itself. They’re a much more useful and humane toolthan the phone, and with corporate America behind them the networks will be everywhere----changing our lives more than any technology since the automobile.Joining a computer network is the same as joining a community. Small systems are like villages,where new members are formally welcomed. The larger networks, the Source and CompuServe,for example, are cities-anonymous, full of life and events, but difficult to fit into.III. Reading 1. Listening and reading to the recording of the text WHO AM I?Turn to page 18 and listen and read to the recording of the text. Pay attention to the pauses,pronunciation and intonation of the native reader.2. Reading aloud and underlining expressionsNow we are to read the text once again and underline all the expressions in the text. Put themdown into your notebook after class as homework.Collocations from WHO AM I? 第 4 页


begin as…, a calculating machine, be built as…, follow instructions from…, soundsimple, at the time, a technological revolution, write a book, make…work, solveproblems, become huge, had artificial intelligence, go back to…, the size of…, goby, change size, become small and thin, get quick, stand there by oneself, be connected by…, shareinformation by…, talk to…, bring…into…, deal with…, communicate with…, serve the humanrace3. Reading, identifying and settlingAttention, please! It is time to skim the text one more time and identify the difficult sentences. Tryanalyzing the structures of the difficult sentences and discuss them among your group members.You may also put your questions to me for help. Chat （online）（在线）聊天To chat is to talk about ordinary things that are not very important. You can chat to one person or tomany people. People also use this word now for parts of the Internet where we can talk with manydifferent people at the same time. Usually, you chat on the internet in a chat room or messagingservice like AOL(American On-Line) Instant Messenger (AIM), Yahoo Messenger, or MSNMessenger.4. Reading and transferringScan the text for information to complete the table below, describing the development of computer.In 1642In 1822In 1936In 1960sIn 1970sIV. Closing down by doing comprehending exercisesTurn to page 18 and in pairs do the comprehending exercises No. 1 and 2.第 5 页