阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The wildfires in Australia became considerably worse in January, 2020. The disaster faced by __36__ country is far from over. Many of the fires __37__(send) smoke high into the atmosphere and some smoke turned into pyrocumulonimbus clouds. The clouds can help a fire draw in more air and shift surface winds, __38__(result) in fire tornadoes(龙卷风). Fires have destroyed habitats for animals that __39__(find) only in Australia, including koalas and rare birds. It will take time to fully know how much harm the fires have done __40__ wildlife. The wildfires are expected __41__(continue) burning for months as Australia entered its dry season. This past year, 2019, is the hottest and driest year on record. Fires happen __42__(regular) during the Australian dry season. However, climate and natural changes are making the situation __43__(bad). At least 12 million acres have been burned so far in Victoria and New South Wales alone. Smoke from the fires has made __44__ to South America. There is so much smoke that it may stay in the air for months, __45__ could have a small effect on the planet’s climate.【答案】36. the 37. sent 38. resulting 39. are found 40. to 41. to continue 42. regularly 43. worse44. it 45. which语言知识初探I. 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1．injure vt.（尤指在事故中）伤害，使受伤→injury n. [C,U] 伤害，损害→injured adj. 受伤的，受损害的2．reaction n. [C, U] 反应，回应→react vi. 回应，（对……）做出反应3．confirm vt. 证实，证明，确认；使确信→confirmation n. [U, C] 证实；确认书，证明书4．occur vi. 发生，出现；（想法、主意在某人脑海中）突然出现→occurrence n. 发生，出现；发生的事，事件5．approach vt. & vi.（在距离或时间上）靠近，接近；vt. 处理，解决→approaching adj. 即将到来的M3U2 Natural disasters I1


（Alliteration）：efficient and effective adj. 高效且
有效 black and的blue adj. 遍体鳞
伤的first and foremost adv. 首先hearth and home n. 温暖舒
适的家庭生活押尾韵
（Rhyme）:bustle and hustle n. 繁忙2
炮打响。押头韵
6．relief n. 轻松，宽慰；减轻，消除→relieve vt. 减轻，缓和；解除（职务）→relieved adj. 感到欣慰的7．inform vt. 通知，使知晓→informed adj. 了解情况的；见多识广的II. 根据提示补全下列短语1. crash into ... 冲上，撞上……2. roll call 点名3. safe and sound 安然无恙的4. at large 总共；在逃5. in an orderly line 有序地排成一排6. earthquake safety procedures 地震安全演练7. be a signal of ... 是……的信号8. keep one’s head 保持冷静9. to one’s great relief 令某人大为欣慰的是10. be cleared of ... 清除……11. in the face of ... 面对……重点知识点解析 hit vt. & vi. 打击，侵袭；对……产生不良影响，损害(教材P16) We cannot prevent natural disasters, but is there anything we can do when they hit? 我们不能阻止自然灾害的发生，但是当它们袭来时，我们可以做什么呢？如：Rural areas have been worst hit by the strike. 这次罢工对农村地区的打击最沉重。 The area was hit by the floods. 这一地区遭到洪水袭击。n. The airline industry took a hit last year. 去年航空业受到了沉重打击。【归纳拓展】hit其他用法：n．受欢迎的人（或事物），风行一时的流行歌曲（或唱片）；（在计算机或互联网上搜索的）查询结果如：The film was a massive hit at the boxoffice. 这部电影极为卖座。The car proved an instant hit in China. 这种轿车在中国迅速走红。They played a lot of old hits from the 80s and 90s. 他们演奏了许多80年代和90年代流行的老歌。The band has hit (it) big很成功 in the US. 乐队在美国一


手或器具）击，打；碰撞，撞击（造成损伤）；使突然想n如：She hit him o起 the head with her umbrella. 她
用伞敲他的头tThe bus hi。 the bridge. 公交
车撞到了桥I It hit me that 上。had a choice. 我突然意识到我有
选择的余地。→vt. 使突然想
起常
用结某人突然想 S构h. hit(s) sb./ It hit(s) sb. that ... t起u inj……re vt.（尤指在事故中）伤害，使受伤；损害，伤害（名
誉、自尊等 (教材P16)）Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large 整
个，全部. 尽管目前
灾区总体的伤亡情况是7人死亡多人受伤，但（在这，002所学校）只有5名
学re如：Th生受了轻伤。e people were killed and five injured in the crash.撞车事故中有
三人死亡，五 人受伤。 This could seriously injure/damage the company's reputation. 这
会严重损害公司的声誉【。归纳拓展】词性
转换 （1）injury：n. [C,U] 伤害，损害 如：There were no injuries (=no people injured) in the crash. 撞车事故中无人受伤。（2）injured adj. 受伤的，受损害的常
见g 搭配et injured/hurt 受伤 the injured 伤
员（作主语时，谓语动词常用复数e如：The injured in th） earthquake were sent(send) to the nearest hospital yesterday. reaction n. [C, U] 反应，回应 (教材P16) Her students’ reaction was quick and correct--they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks. 她
的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们头朝里，爬到课桌下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。【用法
详o】in reaction t解 sth. 对某事作dreaction to sb./sth. 对……的反应如：A spokesman sai出回应 the changes were not in reaction to the company's recent losses.一
位发言人说，这些变动不是针对公司最近的损失而作rWhat was his 出的反应。eaction to the news? 他对这消
息有何归【反应？纳拓展】词性
转换treac： vi. 回应，（对……）做出反应；（对
食物等）有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应常
见（通 re搭配ct to sth. (by doing sth.) a过做……）对……作greact a出反应ainst ... 反对……，反
抗……3
Do you know the word kiasu? If not, then be kiasu and google it. You’ll get more than a million hits.vt.（用


……发生化学Ir如：反应on reacts with water and air to produce rust. 铁
和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。People can react badly to certain food additives. 人们对某
些食品添加剂会严重过敏n i。 case 以
防（发生某事）；如果，假使；以防万)(教材P16一 At the same time, Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, in case it became damaged during theshaking and could not open. 与此同
时，布朗女士迅速打开教室的门，以防它在晃动中损坏而无法打开。【用法
详意为解】i casen“以防（发生某事）；如果，假使；以防万一”，可引导从句，也可单独使用。常见用法如下：（1）用
作连词，表示目的，意为“以防（发生某事）”；（2）用
作连词，表示条件，意为“如果，假使”；（3）用
作副词性短语，在句中作状语，可单独使用，意为“以防万一”u如：I'll stay aro。nd in case you need me. 我
就待在这儿，也许你用得着我。（表目d In case you shoul的） need any help, here's my number. 万
一你需要帮助的话，这是我的电话号码。（表条nI have also taken out a life i件）surance policy on him just in case. 为
防万一，我还给他买了一份人寿保险【。归纳拓展】与case相关
的其他短语：in case of ... 如果，
假yin an使（发生某事） case 无
论如何，不hin t管怎样at case 如果是
那样的nas is ofte话 the case 这是
常oin n有的事 case 决不（
置于句首，句子用部分倒装c=in/under no cir）umstances，at no time，by no means，in no way，on no account，on no condition如：There's no point complaining now--we're leaving tomorrow in any case=anyway. 现在
抱怨毫无意义，不管怎样我们明天都要离开reIn case of fi。, ring the alarm bell. 如
遇火警，即按警铃uPerhaps yo。've some doubts about the attack. In that case, it may interest you to know that Miss Woodswitnessed it. 你也
对这许起袭击还有疑怀些。那么如果我睹诉告伍兹小姐亲眼目你了这起事件，你可能会
感兴趣。【即时
巩固】翻译句子1. 为了
防止有人跟踪我，我特地绕了弯路。In case anyone was following me, I made an elaborate detour...2. 你
决不能在图书馆大声喧哗 。 In no case will you make any noise in the library.3. 他
又迟到了，他常常这样aHe w。s late for school, as is often the case. signal (-signaled-signaled) vi. & vt. 发信号，发
暗号，示意；vt. 标志，表明，预示 4
react with sth. 与


暗号；预示；信号灯1 (教材P 6) She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line with their hands on their heads. 她
示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。【用法
详 】signal解(to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事如：He signalled to the waiter for the bill. 他示意
服务员结账。He signalled (to) us to join him. 他示意
要我们去他那儿eTh。 scandal surely signals the end of his political career. 毫
无疑问，这桩丑闻预示他的政治生涯就此结束na danger/war。ing/distress etc. signal 危险
、警告、求救等信号【即时
巩固】翻译句子An afternoon nap (午睡) is one of the joys of life, although too much napping could signal all is not well.（2021·徐州
一模）午后小憩
可谓大人的一乐生趣但，瞌睡过多可能表明者睡瞌身体m恙。 confirm vt. 证实，证明，确认；使确信 (教材P16) After a roll call confir有ed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other. 点名